Six central personality characteristics of transformational leaders seem to emerge from the prolific literature on this topic.
Creative
Hackman and Johnson (1991) state that creativity is “challenging the status quo by seeking out new ideas…” Managers typically concern themselves with status quo maintenance, but leaders move beyond status quo to face and deal with the future. Transformation requires innovation and fresh perspectives to enduring questions. Many managers I deal with think that they will never become leaders because they don’t see themselves as being creative. Remember creative thinking can be taught and creative thinkers can hired and good leaders can effectively use the creativity of those around them… if the have the wisdom to listen.
Interactive
Hackman and Johnson (1991) also suggest that an interactive leader provides better direction than a non-interactive leader. In order to meet the needs of the follower, the leader must take a posture of open participation with follower. They also contend ‘that interaction is central to putting leadership into motion’. Many other theories (and practical experiences) of leadership emphasize the need for (effective) communication in order to attain success. Remember though communication is not interaction its merely the conduit between individuals. The important issues are found in dictionary definitions… “acting in close relation with each other” or “affecting each others behaviour”.
ARE WE CREATING TOMORROW OR BANKING ON THE PAST?
Empowering
Empowerment is fourth aspect that Hackman and Johnson (1991) suggest is important. Empowerment is the ability to “translate intention into reality and sustain it [for the followers]” (Bennis & Nanus, 1985). B & N further explain that ‘empowerment is the reciprocal of power and that empowerment puts duality into motion’. In other words, power translates into empowerment and empowerment, in turn, creates more power. Without leaders promoting responsibility and displacing power, followers cannot fully achieve their potential. This as we know is a big challenge in some Asian cultures. The key is if you want to have a modern successful organization, you as a leader must address this issue.
Visionary
Perhaps the most elemental characteristic of the transformational leader, “more than anything else, transformational leaders communicate a vision to their followers” (Hackman & Johnson, 1991). Zorn (1991) notes that vision helps to rally action toward achievement of the goal. Leaders must not only speak the vision, they must also enact the vision for individuals and the organization. Vision sets the direction and it is impossible to get where you want to be without direction. Can you or you staff quote your company’s vision, (or your own for that matter). So much has been said about vision and its central role in business and success, any more here would be superfluous.
A VISION WITH POWER CAN CHANGE MEDIOCRITY INTO EXCELLENCE
Passionate
‘Transformational leaders are passionate in their commitment to task and people alike’ (H & J, 1991). Bennis and Nanus (1985) again elaborate, “like explorer and artists, [leaders] seem to focus their attention on a limited field – their task – to forget personal problems, to loose their sense of time, to feel competent and in control”. To transform leaders must have a strong commitment to their vision. Passion is essential for this strong commitment, without passion there is no real direction and vision is short-lived.
Ethical
One final notable characteristic is that of high ethical standards. Any discussion of transformational leadership must include ethics. Burns (1978) comments, “Leaders must effectively ‘connect with’ followers from a level of morality only one stage higher than that of the followers, but moral leaders who act at much higher levels relate to followers at all levels…” Blanchard and Peale (1989) suggest that a manager with strong ethical standards is armed with the ability to do the right thing all of the time. They further conclude that ethics must not only be the result, but ethics must be involved in the process of decision making. An effective leader must be committed to ethical responses to any situation.
ETHICAL BANKERS, ACCOUNTANTS, LAWYERS, CORPORATE EXECUTIVES AND POLITICIANS… NOW THERE’S AN IDEA!
Refs: Hackman, M. & Johnson, C. (1991) Leadership. Waveland Press.
Zorn T E (1991). Construct system development, transformational leadership and leadership messages. Sthn Communication Jrnl, 56 (3), 178-193. Journal of Leadership Studies in 1995
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SUMMARY
Transformational leadership assumes that people will energetically follow an individual who has the ability to inspire them and who can use others natural motivation to strive towards a shared vision. A person to be a true motivational leader must in addition to having worthwhile vision show a willingness to excel and the competence do great things in a creative new way. Transformational leadership to be successful assumes that agreed tasks can be accomplished by injecting commitment and enthusiasm among the followers.
Transformational leadership adjectives: articulate, uplifting, passionate, caring, trustworthy, integrity listening, committed, serving, influencing, encouraging, charismatic, creative, innovative, empowering and confident.
Transformational leaders set an example and become a role model for their followers. Transformational leaders see their followers as individuals and treat them as such.
In light of recent events transformational leadership’s capacity to reshape social and physical relationships is more needed than ever. Perhaps it is time to destroy old way of living and make way for new one. Finally transformational leadership encourages people to surpass their current levels of achievement and embrace a dynamic and innovative way to approach our future at a personal, organizational and political level. The world currently seems to be crying out for true leadership, transformational leadership, at all levels of society.
One more time:
INSPIRING AND ETHICAL BANKERS, ACCOUNTANTS, LAWYERS, CORPORATE EXECUTIVES, BUSINESS LEADERS AND POLITICIANS… NOW THERE REALLY IS A TRANSFORMATIONAL IDEA!